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Documents authored by Ludwig, Bernd

Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.GIScience.2021.II.11
User Preferences and the Shortest Path

Authors: Isabella Kreller and Bernd Ludwig

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 208, 11th International Conference on Geographic Information Science (GIScience 2021) - Part II

Abstract
Indoor navigation systems leverage shortest path algorithms to calculate routes. In order to define the "shortest path", a cost function has to be specified based on theories and heuristics in the application domain. For the domain of indoor routing, we survey theories and criteria identified in the literature as essential for human path planning. We drive quantitative definitions and integrate them into a cost function that weights each of the criteria separately. We then apply an exhaustive grid search to find weights that lead to an ideal cost function. "Ideal" here is defined as guiding the algorithm to plan routes that are most similar to those chosen by humans. To explore which criteria should be taken into account in an improved pathfinding algorithm, eleven different factors whose favorable impact on route selection has been established in past research were considered. Each factor was included separately in the Dijkstra algorithm and the similarity of thus calculated routes to the actual routes chosen by students at the University of Regensburg was determined. This allows for a quantitative assessment of the factors’ impact and further constitutes a way to directly compare them. A reduction of the number of turns, streets, revolving doors, entryways, elevators as well as the combination of the aforementioned factors was found to have a positive effect and generate paths that were favored over the shortest path. Turns and the combination of criteria turned out to be most impactful.
Cite as

Isabella Kreller and Bernd Ludwig. User Preferences and the Shortest Path. In 11th International Conference on Geographic Information Science (GIScience 2021) - Part II. Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 208, pp. 11:1-11:15, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021)

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@InProceedings{kreller_et_al:LIPIcs.GIScience.2021.II.11,
  author =	{Kreller, Isabella and Ludwig, Bernd},
  title =	{{User Preferences and the Shortest Path}},
  booktitle =	{11th International Conference on Geographic Information Science (GIScience 2021) - Part II},
  pages =	{11:1--11:15},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-208-2},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2021},
  volume =	{208},
  editor =	{Janowicz, Krzysztof and Verstegen, Judith A.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.GIScience.2021.II.11},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-147700},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.GIScience.2021.II.11},
  annote =	{Keywords: Pedestrian Navigation Systems, Wayfinding, Computation of Optimal Paths, User Preferences for Best Routes}
}
Document
Complete Volume
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2019
LIPIcs, Volume 142, COSIT'19, Complete Volume

Authors: Sabine Timpf, Christoph Schlieder, Markus Kattenbeck, Bernd Ludwig, and Kathleen Stewart

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 142, 14th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2019)

Abstract
LIPIcs, Volume 142, COSIT'19, Complete Volume
Cite as

14th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2019). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 142, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)

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@Proceedings{timpf_et_al:LIPIcs.COSIT.2019,
  title =	{{LIPIcs, Volume 142, COSIT'19, Complete Volume}},
  booktitle =	{14th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2019)},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-115-3},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2019},
  volume =	{142},
  editor =	{Timpf, Sabine and Schlieder, Christoph and Kattenbeck, Markus and Ludwig, Bernd and Stewart, Kathleen},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2019},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-112984},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2019},
  annote =	{Keywords: Information systems, Geographic information systems, Location based services,Computing methodologies, Natural language processing}
}
Document
Front Matter
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2019.0
Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization

Authors: Sabine Timpf, Christoph Schlieder, Markus Kattenbeck, Bernd Ludwig, and Kathleen Stewart

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 142, 14th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2019)

Abstract
Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
Cite as

14th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2019). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 142, pp. 0:i-0:xx, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)

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@InProceedings{timpf_et_al:LIPIcs.COSIT.2019.0,
  author =	{Timpf, Sabine and Schlieder, Christoph and Kattenbeck, Markus and Ludwig, Bernd and Stewart, Kathleen},
  title =	{{Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization}},
  booktitle =	{14th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2019)},
  pages =	{0:i--0:xx},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-115-3},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2019},
  volume =	{142},
  editor =	{Timpf, Sabine and Schlieder, Christoph and Kattenbeck, Markus and Ludwig, Bernd and Stewart, Kathleen},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2019.0},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-110921},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2019.0},
  annote =	{Keywords: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2019.23
Schematic Maps and Indoor Wayfinding

Authors: Christina Bauer and Bernd Ludwig

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 142, 14th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2019)

Abstract
Schematic maps are often discussed as an adequate alternative of displaying wayfinding information compared to detailed map designs. However, these depictions have not yet been compared and analyzed in-depth. In this paper, we present a user study that evaluates the wayfinding behaviour of participants either using a detailed floor plan or a schematic map that only shows the route to follow and landmarks. The study was conducted in an indoor real-world scenario. The depictions were presented with the help of a mobile navigation system. We analyzed the time it took to understand the wayfinding instruction and the workload of the users. Moreover, we examined how the depictions were visually perceived with a mobile eye tracker. Results show that wayfinders who use the detailed map spend more visual attention on the instructions. Nevertheless, the depiction does not help to solve the task: they also needed more time to orient themselves. Regarding the workload and the wayfinding errors no differences were found.
Cite as

Christina Bauer and Bernd Ludwig. Schematic Maps and Indoor Wayfinding. In 14th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2019). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 142, pp. 23:1-23:14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)

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@InProceedings{bauer_et_al:LIPIcs.COSIT.2019.23,
  author =	{Bauer, Christina and Ludwig, Bernd},
  title =	{{Schematic Maps and Indoor Wayfinding}},
  booktitle =	{14th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2019)},
  pages =	{23:1--23:14},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-115-3},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2019},
  volume =	{142},
  editor =	{Timpf, Sabine and Schlieder, Christoph and Kattenbeck, Markus and Ludwig, Bernd and Stewart, Kathleen},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2019.23},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-111157},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2019.23},
  annote =	{Keywords: Wayfinding, schematic maps, eye tracking, indoor environment}
}
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